Fasteners are called anchor fasteners in the building trade. This is because in most cases, they connect something to a base material such as concrete or brick, like the anchor of a ship embeds itself in the sea bed and does not allow the ship to move.
Chemical Anchor is a special adhesive used to stick the anchor fastener into the hole. This chemical is filled into a drilled hole; the bolt is then inserted. Once the chemical cures, it grips the bolt strong enough for high loads. The chemical (technically called an epoxy resin) is sold as a two-component pack.